Why The Past 10 Years Of American Life Have Been Uniquely Stupid - To Whom You Might Cry Ahoy! Crossword Clue

Before 2009, Facebook had given users a simple timeline––a never-ending stream of content generated by their friends and connections, with the newest posts at the top and the oldest ones at the bottom. In his book The Constitution of Knowledge, Jonathan Rauch describes the historical breakthrough in which Western societies developed an "epistemic operating system"—that is, a set of institutions for generating knowledge from the interactions of biased and cognitively flawed individuals. Means of making untraceable social media posts crosswords eclipsecrossword. Shortly after its "Like" button began to produce data about what best "engaged" its users, Facebook developed algorithms to bring each user the content most likely to generate a "like" or some other interaction, eventually including the "share" as well. But this arrangement, Rauch notes, "is not self-maintaining; it relies on an array of sometimes delicate social settings and understandings, and those need to be understood, affirmed, and protected. "

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The punishment that feels right for such crimes is not execution; it is public shaming and social death. Liberals in the late 20th century shared a belief that the sociologist Christian Smith called the "liberal progress" narrative, in which America used to be horrifically unjust and repressive, but, thanks to the struggles of activists and heroes, has made (and continues to make) progress toward realizing the noble promise of its founding. The progressive left is so committed to maximizing the dangers of COVID that it often embraces an equally maximalist, one-size-fits-all strategy for vaccines, masks, and social distancing—even as they pertain to children. The many analysts, including me, who had argued that Trump could not win the general election were relying on pre-Babel intuitions, which said that scandals such as the Access Hollywood tape (in which Trump boasted about committing sexual assault) are fatal to a presidential campaign. Means of making untraceable social media posts crossword clue. God was offended by the hubris of humanity and said: Look, they are one people, and they have all one language; and this is only the beginning of what they will do; nothing that they propose to do will now be impossible for them. The members of Gen Z––those born in and after 1997––bear none of the blame for the mess we are in, but they are going to inherit it, and the preliminary signs are that older generations have prevented them from learning how to handle it. Even so, from 2009 to 2012, Facebook and Twitter passed out roughly 1 billion dart guns globally.

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American factions won't be the only ones using AI and social media to generate attack content; our adversaries will too. Means of making untraceable social media posts crosswords. In a haunting 2018 essay titled "The Digital Maginot Line, " DiResta described the state of affairs bluntly. If you blundered, you could find yourself buried in hateful comments. Sexual harassers could have been called out in anonymous blog posts before Twitter, but it's hard to imagine that the #MeToo movement would have been nearly so successful without the viral enhancement that the major platforms offered. The wave of threats delivered to dissenting Republican members of Congress has similarly pushed many of the remaining moderates to quit or go silent, giving us a party ever more divorced from the conservative tradition, constitutional responsibility, and reality.

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Democracy After Babel. With such laws in place, schools, educators, and public-health authorities should then encourage parents to let their kids walk to school and play in groups outside, just as more kids used to do. Political polarization is likely to increase for the foreseeable future. But when an institution punishes internal dissent, it shoots darts into its own brain. Congress should update the Children's Online Privacy Protection Act, which unwisely set the age of so-called internet adulthood (the age at which companies can collect personal information from children without parental consent) at 13 back in 1998, while making little provision for effective enforcement. Just think of the damage already done to the Supreme Court's legitimacy by the Senate's Republican leadership when it blocked consideration of Merrick Garland for a seat that opened up nine months before the 2016 election, and then rushed through the appointment of Amy Coney Barrett in 2020. The literature is complex—some studies show benefits, particularly in less developed democracies—but the review found that, on balance, social media amplifies political polarization; foments populism, especially right-wing populism; and is associated with the spread of misinformation. This article appears in the May 2022 print edition with the headline "After Babel. When people lose trust in institutions, they lose trust in the stories told by those institutions. History curricula have often caused political controversy, but Facebook and Twitter make it possible for parents to become outraged every day over a new snippet from their children's history lessons––and math lessons and literature selections, and any new pedagogical shifts anywhere in the country.

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Most notably for the story I'm telling here, progressive parents who argued against school closures were frequently savaged on social media and met with the ubiquitous leftist accusations of racism and white supremacy. A widely discussed reform would end this political gamesmanship by having justices serve staggered 18-year terms so that each president makes one appointment every two years. So cross-party relationships were already strained before 2009. It was just this kind of twitchy and explosive spread of anger that James Madison had tried to protect us from as he was drafting the U. S. Constitution. I think we can date the fall of the tower to the years between 2011 (Gurri's focal year of "nihilistic" protests) and 2015, a year marked by the "great awokening" on the left and the ascendancy of Donald Trump on the right. People who think differently and are willing to speak up if they disagree with you make you smarter, almost as if they are extensions of your own brain. Large social-media platforms should be required to do the same. They knew that democracy had an Achilles' heel because it depended on the collective judgment of the people, and democratic communities are subject to "the turbulency and weakness of unruly passions. " The same thing happened to Canadian and British teens, at the same time. ) The most important change we can make to reduce the damaging effects of social media on children is to delay entry until they have passed through puberty. Those wars of religion, he argued, made possible the transition to modern nation-states with better-informed citizens. ) American politics is getting ever more ridiculous and dysfunctional not because Americans are getting less intelligent. Right-wing death threats, many delivered by anonymous accounts, are proving effective in cowing traditional conservatives, for example in driving out local election officials who failed to "stop the steal. "

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In any case, the growing evidence that social media is damaging democracy is sufficient to warrant greater oversight by a regulatory body, such as the Federal Communications Commission or the Federal Trade Commission. They allowed users to create pages on which to post photos, family updates, and links to the mostly static pages of their friends and favorite bands. A second way to harden democratic institutions is to reduce the power of either political party to game the system in its favor, for example by drawing its preferred electoral districts or selecting the officials who will supervise elections. So the public isn't one thing; it's highly fragmented, and it's basically mutually hostile. For example, House Speaker Newt Gingrich discouraged new Republican members of Congress from moving their families to Washington, D. C., where they were likely to form social ties with Democrats and their families.

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Of course, the American culture war and the decline of cross-party cooperation predates social media's arrival. Someone on Twitter will find a way to associate the dissenter with racism, and others will pile on. But the main problem with social media is not that some people post fake or toxic stuff; it's that fake and outrage-inducing content can now attain a level of reach and influence that was not possible before 2009. In the 20th century, America's shared identity as the country leading the fight to make the world safe for democracy was a strong force that helped keep the culture and the polity together. We were closer than we had ever been to being "one people, " and we had effectively overcome the curse of division by language.

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Your posts rode to fame or ignominy based on the clicks of thousands of strangers, and you in turn contributed thousands of clicks to the game. Such policies are not as deadly as spreading fears and lies about vaccines, but many of them have been devastating for the mental health and education of children, who desperately need to play with one another and go to school; we have little clear evidence that school closures and masks for young children reduce deaths from COVID. Something went terribly wrong, very suddenly. Later research showed that posts that trigger emotions––especially anger at out-groups––are the most likely to be shared. By 2008, Facebook had emerged as the dominant platform, with more than 100 million monthly users, on its way to roughly 3 billion today.

Depression makes people less likely to want to engage with new people, ideas, and experiences. On the right, the term RINO (Republican in Name Only) was superseded in 2015 by the more contemptuous term cuckservative, popularized on Twitter by Trump supporters. What changes are needed? If we do not make major changes soon, then our institutions, our political system, and our society may collapse during the next major war, pandemic, financial meltdown, or constitutional crisis. On the left, social media launched callout culture in the years after 2012, with transformative effects on university life and later on politics and culture throughout the English-speaking world. But when citizens lose trust in elected leaders, health authorities, the courts, the police, universities, and the integrity of elections, then every decision becomes contested; every election becomes a life-and-death struggle to save the country from the other side. The norms, institutions, and forms of political participation that developed during the long era of mass communication are not going to work well now that technology has made everything so much faster and more multidirectional, and when bypassing professional gatekeepers is so easy. Universities evolved from cloistered medieval institutions into research powerhouses, creating a structure in which scholars put forth evidence-backed claims with the knowledge that other scholars around the world would be motivated to gain prestige by finding contrary evidence.

Thanks to enhanced-virality social media, dissent is punished within many of our institutions, which means that bad ideas get elevated into official policy. The tech companies that enhanced virality from 2009 to 2012 brought us deep into Madison's nightmare. A mean tweet doesn't kill anyone; it is an attempt to shame or punish someone publicly while broadcasting one's own virtue, brilliance, or tribal loyalties. For example, she has suggested modifying the "Share" function on Facebook so that after any content has been shared twice, the third person in the chain must take the time to copy and paste the content into a new post. The cause is not known, but the timing points to social media as a substantial contributor—the surge began just as the large majority of American teens became daily users of the major platforms. Harden Democratic Institutions. A brilliant 2015 essay by the economist Steven Horwitz argued that free play prepares children for the "art of association" that Alexis de Tocqueville said was the key to the vibrancy of American democracy; he also argued that its loss posed "a serious threat to liberal societies. " Fox News and the 1994 "Republican Revolution" converted the GOP into a more combative party. A surge in rates of anxiety, depression, and self-harm among American teens began suddenly in the early 2010s. In this way, early social media can be seen as just another step in the long progression of technological improvements—from the Postal Service through the telephone to email and texting—that helped people achieve the eternal goal of maintaining their social ties. Will we do anything about it?

What is the likelihood that Congress will enact major reforms that strengthen democratic institutions or detoxify social media? The motives of teachers and administrators come into question, and overreaching laws or curricular reforms sometimes follow, dumbing down education and reducing trust in it further. Facebook hoped "to rewire the way people spread and consume information. " An autocracy can deploy propaganda or use fear to motivate the behaviors it desires, but a democracy depends on widely internalized acceptance of the legitimacy of rules, norms, and institutions. One of the major goals was to polarize the American public and spread distrust—to split us apart at the exact weak point that Madison had identified. Perhaps the biggest single change that would reduce the toxicity of existing platforms would be user verification as a precondition for gaining the algorithmic amplification that social media offers. The new omnipresence of enhanced-virality social media meant that a single word uttered by a professor, leader, or journalist, even if spoken with positive intent, could lead to a social-media firestorm, triggering an immediate dismissal or a drawn-out investigation by the institution.

One result is that young people educated in the post-Babel era are less likely to arrive at a coherent story of who we are as a people, and less likely to share any such story with those who attended different schools or who were educated in a different decade. The "Hidden Tribes" study tells us that the "devoted conservatives" score highest on beliefs related to authoritarianism. "Like" and "Share" buttons quickly became standard features of most other platforms. Most Americans in the More in Common report are members of the "exhausted majority, " which is tired of the fighting and is willing to listen to the other side and compromise. Many authors quote his comments in "Federalist No. The Facebook whistleblower Frances Haugen advocates for simple changes to the architecture of the platforms, rather than for massive and ultimately futile efforts to police all content.

She co-wrote the essay with GPT-3. Platforms like Twitter devolve into the Wild West, with no accountability for vigilantes. The volume of outrage was shocking. Finally, by giving everyone a dart gun, social media deputizes everyone to administer justice with no due process. For example, university communities that could tolerate a range of speakers as recently as 2010 arguably began to lose that ability in subsequent years, as Gen Z began to arrive on campus. A democracy cannot survive if its public squares are places where people fear speaking up and where no stable consensus can be reached. Zero-sum conflicts—such as the wars of religion that arose as the printing press spread heretical ideas across Europe—were better thought of as temporary setbacks, and sometimes even integral to progress. Reforms like this are not censorship; they are viewpoint-neutral and content-neutral, and they work equally well in all languages. Social media has given voice to some people who had little previously, and it has made it easier to hold powerful people accountable for their misdeeds, not just in politics but in business, the arts, academia, and elsewhere.

However, the warped "accountability" of social media has also brought injustice—and political dysfunction—in three ways. They don't stop anyone from saying anything; they just slow the spread of content that is, on average, less likely to be true. Given China's own advances in AI, we can expect it to become more skillful over the next few years at further dividing America and further uniting China.

He hurried along, keeping close to the walls of warehouses, and came next into a street of common, poor dwellings of the seafaring folk. Master Sullivan was pleased by his success; Margery was not always so easy to amuse, but he was in no mind for a conflict. To whom you might cry ahoy crossword puzzle crosswords. And I could do nothing against Miss Mary; for Peggy, that has a love for great ploys to be going on, and the world turned upside down, has backed her from the first. I knew last night that it would come to this. There was a shining light on the girl's face as she listened. " If their own men were still in the boat or near it, — which seemed likely, since they had not followed him, — they would be safe enough, but danger threatened them all. The discovery was then made that they had all their kindlings and tar in readiness, but there were no candles left in the two lanterns, and the bag of spare candles and tinder box which the midshipman had in charge was no longer to be found in the boat.

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Now, a hyphen works for B-SIDES (Back tracks? Something had made his heart ache that day, and now her love and approval easily rescued him from his own thought; so he went on, as if his fortunes depended upon Margery's favor and frankly expressed amusement: " One night there was a long-legged apprintice boy to a French upholsterer: this was in London, and I a lad myself stolen over there from Paris with a message for Charles Radcliffe. CALUMNY (Slander) and RAWSILK (Material used for Indian dresses) (did you happen to notice that RAWhIde also fits? ) Were fancy entries, and "Sites of frequent touchdowns" (AIRPORTS) was a good non-QMC. Part of a plot: ACRE. To whom you might cry Ahoy! crossword clue. Some fun clues today: 10A: Something to sleep on with no springs (WATERBED) - and hopefully no leaks. Still I know that an attack upon our region has long been feared, " she ended wistfully. " They were followed along the footpath by men and boys, and women too, who were eager to see how the people there, old Widow Ricker especially, would take the news of a son's captivity or death. Below are all possible answers to this clue ordered by its rank. Then, once I finished, I had all those spaces, and I figured "That's never going to work, " and I was right. PESKY (Annoying) is a fun word, STALWART (Trusty to the end) is something you don't see every day, HIGHHORSE (Perch for the self-important) got a chuckle, and PARADOX (Logical conundrum) is always lovely. Admittedly, that would be challenging, but today it seemed like many Down answers, especially, ended with a silent E - CHAPERONE, AVALANCHE, ELLE, DAME, LASE, TITHE - and a couple ended with the flagrant E of the theme - PEYOTE, OLE.

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I need my son — I have had dreadful news " —. " Whereupon Hannah Neal and Phebe, who sang a capital clear second, joined in with approval and alacrity to sing the chorus: —. Entrée whose "bowl" is often consumed). Their orders had been to leave the boat in his charge while the landing party was away; and in the next few moments, when he had disappeared into the narrow street that led up from the small pier, Wallingford grew uneasy, and went ashore himself. You may tell your mistress and Miss Hamilton that there is no more danger for the present, " added the judge. " Then, just because you can, jam the letters "ium" into them, and clue wackily. 66a With 72 Across post sledding mugful. To whom you might cry ahoy crossword puzzle. Nor shall you do vengeance upon her son until there is final proof of his guilt. I'm torn about this puzzle. As did GOTDOWNPATE (Managed to stomach a cracker spread?

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I am a good sailor, " insisted Madam Wallingford, with a smile, as if she must comfort a weaker heart than her own. " I often heard of that from my poor father. Actor Beatty: NED -This t-shirt was inspired by what may be Ned's most remembered role. It publishes for over 100 years in the NYT Magazine. To whom you might cry ahoy crossword. I must not interrupt your business. The broken glass of the window still glistened on the floor; even at sunrise the day was so mild that there was no chill, but the guests were struck by something desolate in the room, even before they caught sight of their lady's face. "

I begretch the time you waste, and the meals you eat in laziness, you foolish hussies! " Will you bespeak a boat? He had reconnoitred carefully and found all safe, when he heard a man behind him, and had to fight for his life. But maybe that's just me being a WEIRDO. Peggy's cheeks looked pink as a girl's in her deep bonnet, and her old eyes glittered with excitement. " Like some copyright infringers; 24.